Descriptive text merupakan text yang menggambarkan atau mendeskripsikan individu, benda, maupun hewan. Itulah kenapa kita sering menemukan kata sifat dalam teks ini.
Untuk memahami lebih dalam tentang descriptive text, mari simak ulasan berikut ini.
Apa Itu Descriptive Text?
Descriptive text adalah text yang bertujuan untuk menggambarkan karakteristik seseorang, hewan, tempat, benda, dan lainnya.
Dalam mendeskripsikan beberapa hal tersebut, descriptive text identik dengan penggunaan kata sifat dengan struktur kalimat present tense.
e.g.:
She has brown eyes
Note:
Kalimat di atas adalah contoh kalimat present tense karena menggunakan kata kerja pertama “has”. Setelahnya, terdapat kata “brown” yang merupakan kata sifat (adjective). Kata sifat tersebut menjelaskan sifat benda yang ditunjuk seperti “eyes”.
Struktur Descriptive Text
Descriptive text tersusun atas pernyataan pembuka (identification), deskripsi (description), dan penutup (opsional).
- Identification; berisi identifikasi tentang benda yang akan dideskripsikan.
- Description; terdiri dari beberapa paragraf yang berisi tentang ciri-ciri sesuatu atau seseorang yang diangkat dalam teks.
- Petutup; berisi tentang kesimpulan dari isi teks deskripsi tersebut.
e.g.:
Borobudur temple is a Buddhist temple which is located in Central Java.
Borobudur is built on a hill around 46 meter high. It is be the one of famous temple in the world which has three spiritual spheres. They are arupadhatu, rupadhatu, and kamadhatu.
This temple is including in Seven Wonders of the World because it has the great architecture and magnificent size.
Note:
Paragraf pertama pada teks di atas disebut sebagai identification atau paragraf pembuka. Paragraf kedua disebut sebagai description yang menjelaskan ciri-ciri benda pada teks tersebut. Sedangkan paragraf terakhir disebut sebagai penutup.
Contoh Soal Descriptive Text dan Pembahasannya
Agar lebih memahami tentang descriptive text, cobalah untuk mempelajari contoh soal berikut ini.
Contoh soal:
Robert Moog was an American inventor who developed the Moog Synthesizer. It was one of the first synthesizers to gain widespread use as a musical instrument. Moog's synthesizers were an important part of musical innovation in rock and jazz music in the 1 960s and 1 970s. Robert Arthur Moog was born in Queens, a borough of New York City 75 years ago. He became fascinated with electronic as a teenager, particularly in an early electronic music instrument called the Theremin. Moog studied physic and electrical engineering at Queens College and Columbia University, both in physic Cornel University in Ithaca, New York. In 1 954, while still an undergraduate student, Moog formed his own company to sell Theremins and Theremin kits.
Soon after, Moog began working on a keyboard instrument that could replicate the sound of any musical instrument electronically. Working with American composer Herbert Deuthsch, moog introduced the prototype Moog Synthesizer at a convention in 1 964. The device represented a significant advance over previous electronic synthesizer because of its use of new semiconductor technology, which made it smaller and considerably cheaper than earlier machines. The Moog, as it was known, was soon in demand by musician all over the world.
In 1 964, Moog began a collaboration with American composer and organist Walter Carlos (now Wendy Carlos), who released the bestselling electronic music album Switched-On Bach in 1 968. Rock groups such as The Beatles and Yes and jazz musicians such as Herbie Hannock and Chick and Chick Corea began incorporating Moog Synthesizer into their recordings, a trend that increased when the company introduced the compact and portable Minimoog in 1 970. A Moog Synthesizer was also prominently featured on the soundtrack to the movie A Clocwork Orange in 1971.
The passage describes Theremin as a/an . . .
A. Prototype of Moog Synthesizer
B. Initial electronic music instrument
C. Musical instrument to replicate the sound
D. Instrument of electronic tool
E. New music instrument created by Moog
(Sumber: Champion UTBK SBMPTN SOSHUM 2020-2021 hal 561)
Pembahasan:
Kata “Theremin” pada text di atas terdapat dalam kalimat “. . . early electronic music instrument called the Theremin”. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa jawaban yang tepat adalah B.
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